During the course of this book, while we
have considered in some detail the concepts of theology and philosophy as they
pertain to the form and function of human social systems, we have steered away
from discussing topics of specific theology or philosophy. However, we might be
perceived as lacking in some degree of intellectual honesty if we avoid
specific consideration of two iconic works relative to our consideration of the
concept of identity. These works are the George Orwell book 1984 and the Book of Revelation in the Christian
Bible. Both are illustrative examples of apocalyptic literature and each
offers prophecies for two of the social orders that we have identified; 1984 with respect to égalité and the Book of Revelation with respect to the
religious congregation.
Orwell’s masterpiece introduces us to Big
Brother while Revelation focuses our
attention on the Antichrist and his derivative mark of the beast. Both works
are superb examples of the concept of metaphorical understanding. Indeed, both
extend the concept of metaphor into that of allegory. Allegory, in turn, is a
mechanism completely dependent upon context. Thus, more advanced scholars in
their respective fields will likely see nuances in both works that will less
stringently appear to us. Nonetheless, in any extended discussion of the
concept of identity and its constituent facets, issues of concern will commonly
be raised in reference to, and typically through immediate levels of
interpretation of these two works. It is to these issues that we feel some
necessity to suggest our own interpretation. We will come back to additional
discussions relative to metaphoric understanding in our final chapter, which we
titled in deference to the Book of
Revelation.
When one mentions the concepts of
identity and governance in the same breath, a virtually autonomic response from
many is the concern that a governmental big brother will soon be looking over
their shoulders. From the Christian suppliant, an equally reflexive concern is
the incursion of the mark of the beast. Such is the power of art and aesthetic
projection that a strong evocation of trust is imbued by this simple reference
to 1984 and Revelation. To allay some degree of the concerns so raised, we
suggest that one must interpret both works through the vocabulary that we
considered in the previous section. While both raise quite valid issues, if one
interprets them through the appropriate facets of the concept of identity, we
suggest that one can derive a meaningful prophetic alternative as well as a
more reflective response than that which their mention often engenders in a
discussion about identity. To that end, let’s consider the works in just a bit
more detail.
Focusing on the three central characters,
1984 portrays a social order replete
with references to the facets of identity that we have previously discussed.
Winston Smith is the central protagonist of the story who, supported by his
girlfriend Julia, engages in an ongoing struggle against an ill-recognized
adversary named O’Brien. Smith is the iconic representative of the individual
person found within a larger set of people. In the vocabulary we have
suggested, he is the metaphor for differential identity. The plot of the book
centers on his attempts to maintain some semblance of privacy, specifically as
it pertains to freedom of action, within an authoritarian government regime
controlled by “The Party.” Through a variety of technologically enabled
communication channels, The Party is able to observe and subsequently control
the actions of everyone in the nation; that is, within the primary social
order. An interesting mechanism used for this control, in other words a central
aspect of the policy infrastructure, is that of newspeak; a social discourse filter based upon the premise of
redefining the basic metaphors of language through which people interact,
making for example a single blend of peace and war. This is perhaps one of the
more profound revelations of the book, as this concept is foundational to the
evolution of social systems.
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